Uzbek Journal of Law and Digital Policy

The Ethical Norms in Digital ADR

2025-02-23T10:18:03+03:00

This paper examines the evolution of ethical standards in digital Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and the experiences and prospects for BRICS nations. As ADR adopts innovative technologies, traditional ethical principles must adapt. Literature on digital ethics, ADR codes of conduct, and technology utilization in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa was reviewed. Gaps exist in research on adapting ADR ethics for new technologies. The study's theoretical contribution demonstrates the interdependency of ADR ethics and technological advances. Practical recommendations are provided for ADR associations to update ethical codes for the digital environment. Findings indicate balancing emerging technologies with core ADR values of trust, fairness and transparency is needed. Limitations include a lack of empirical data. Further research should examine user perspectives across BRICS countries. This paper advances understanding of ethical evolution in digital ADR globally and regionally.

Application of Neural Networks for Analysis of Sides Behavior in ADR Processes

2025-02-23T10:28:35+03:00

This conceptual research explores potentials for applying artificial intelligence modeling techniques to gain data-driven insights into side behaviors during alternative dispute resolution processes. Analysis suggests neural networks may identify subtle psychology and communication patterns from large datasets that human mediators overlook. However, realizing benefits requires addressing challenges surrounding model biases, transparency, and effects on mediation practice. If thoughtfully applied, AI could enhance mediator training and strategy guidance, while tempering too fast automation. But early adoption without safeguards risks undermining indispensable human expertise essential to ethical conflict resolution. Thus extensive research remains to determine appropriate integration of AI for augmenting alternative dispute resolution through human-centered design.

The Role of Digital Diplomacy in ADR Processes

2025-02-23T10:31:55+03:00

As interactions and transactions increasingly occur online, alternative dispute resolution (ADR) processes like mediation are adopting virtual practices. However, critics argue foundational ADR values around neutrality, consent, and confidentiality are threatened in digital environments. This research aimed to conceptualize an original framework called “digital neutrality” to provide ethical guidance for mediators and ADR practitioners operating online. The study pursued a multi-phase methodology encompassing: conceptual analysis of technology impacts on core mediation principles; comparative review of standards in existing codes of conduct; surveys assessing practitioner perceptions; semi-structured interviews with experts to refine proposed concepts; draft code development; and a test study evaluating initial implementation in practice. Findings revealed significant gaps in current training and policies addressing salient issues like algorithmic bias, privacy, security, accessibility and emerging technologies. A majority of mediators desired more guidance on translating ethical values into digital contexts. In response, digital neutrality was conceptualized as a practical orientation for using online tools impartially, obtaining informed consent, protecting confidential data, ensuring accessibility, and continually updating competencies. Duties outlined aim to sustain core ADR principles while allowing thoughtful innovation.

Theoretical Analysis of Early Termination of Authority of Local Deputies

2025-02-20T00:12:04+03:00

The paper analyzes the practical features, legal foundation, and opportunities to strengthen the system of early termination of authority of a local council deputy's. The author examined the current reasons for terminating a deputy mandate, researched other nations' experiences, and created suggestions to enhance domestic laws. The study led to the formation of scientifically supported conclusions regarding egregious violations of the deputy ethics rules, corruption-related crimes, conflicts of interest violations, the creation of new grounds, and the implementation of a procedure for terminating a deputy's authority.

Reforming Traditional Modern Education in the Context of the Projected Symbiotic Economy

2025-02-28T06:24:35+03:00

This article analyzes the problems and various restrictive methods of traditional models of the educational system. It considers the potential of digital education and technologies in cyberspace to reform this system and prepare students for the digital era. This article discusses various approaches to innovative aspects, including augmented reality, digital reality, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and creative platforms based on machine learning. In addition, various educational technologies are given, including legal LegalTech and STEM technologies that can be used in both social sciences and humanities. In addition, an analysis is made of how education is being reformed in different countries, and recommendations are given on how cyber education can improve the teaching activities of the teaching staff. A summary is made of how traditional and innovative methods can work in synergy to solve joint problems in the future.

Self-Defense of Rights in the Digital Space: Legal Boundaries and Forms of Implementation

2025-02-25T08:00:16+03:00

This research is devoted to the analysis of the legal nature and implementation peculiarities of the self-defense of rights institutions in the digital space. The paper examines the conceptual foundations of digital rights self-defense established by Articles 11 and 13 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the legal boundaries of permissible actions, and various forms of their implementation in the digital environment. Using methods of legal and comparative analysis, the study investigates problems of determining the proportionality of protective measures, distinguishing between self-defense and arbitrary action, as well as the peculiarities of self-defense for various types of digital rights (personal data, intellectual property objects, digital property rights). Special attention is paid to technological, contractual, and organizational forms of self-defense in the context of the cross-border nature of digital relations. The research results allow the formulation of recommendations for improving legislation and law enforcement practice in the field of digital rights self-defense, as well as determining optimal strategies for the lawful behavior of subjects when protecting their rights in the digital space.

The Role of Smart Contracts in Civil Law and Issues of Legal Regulation

2025-02-27T14:43:02+03:00

This comprehensive study examines the integration of smart contracts into civil law systems and analyzes the associated regulatory challenges. The research investigates the fundamental nature of smart contracts as technological tools and legal instruments, their compatibility with existing civil law frameworks, and the emerging regulatory approaches across different jurisdictions. Through systematic analysis of legislative developments, case law, and scholarly discourse, this study identifies key legal issues including contract formation, performance, enforcement, and dispute resolution in the context of smart contracts. The findings reveal significant gaps in current regulatory frameworks and propose solutions for harmonizing smart contract implementation with established civil law principles. This research contributes to the ongoing academic discourse on legal technology integration and provides practical recommendations for legislators, legal practitioners, and technology developers.

Legal Personhood of Autonomous Systems: A Jurisprudential Analysis

2025-02-26T15:01:42+03:00

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous systems has led to extensive debates on whether these entities should be granted legal personhood. This paper explores the legal frameworks, philosophical arguments, and policy considerations surrounding the attribution of legal personhood to AI. The study examines key legislative efforts, such as the European Parliament's 2017 resolution on AI legal personhood, and assesses the ethical, economic, and regulatory implications. While some scholars advocate for an “electronic personality” model, others highlight accountability gaps and risks associated with AI autonomy. The findings suggest that AI legal personhood remains a contested concept, with prevailing legal doctrines favoring strict liability over autonomous legal recognition.

The Legal and Ethical Challenges in ESG Compliance

2025-02-28T09:08:08+03:00

Companies face tough legal and ethical hurdles trying to meet Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) goals. Different rule setups across regions twist how businesses run their operations. I talked with compliance officers, dug into case stories of firms in legal battles, and sifted through tons of regulatory documents; this rough mix revealed familiar snags and some neat tricks to handle ESG challenges. The results show that a jumble of regulations not only wastes time on compliance but also stirs up ethical puzzles, forcing companies into a patchwork of responses. The issue stands out big in healthcare, where strong ethics matter most; it's plain that one-size-fits-all rules could really tidy up compliance and boost accountability. Its impact goes well beyond healthcare a better grip on these legal and ethical knots might spark forward-thinking moves for companies under a wild array of rules. In the end, the study plunges into the ESG debate, urging clearer guidelines and a real-world blend of ethics and business that weds everyday practice with the push for sustainability.

Smart Contracts in the Civil Law System: Problems of Legal Qualification

2025-03-17T12:06:17+03:00

This article examines the legal qualification of smart contracts within civil law jurisdictions, emphasizing the challenges posed by automated, code-based agreements in systems traditionally grounded in codified statutes and doctrinal principles. By exploring current scholarly debates, legislative approaches, and judicial interpretations, this study highlights the tension between the self-executing nature of smart contracts and the requirement for consent, formality, and interpretation under civil codes. Drawing on a qualitative analysis of doctrinal writings, statutory frameworks, and case-based discussions, the paper identifies core issues of enforceability, liability, and consumer protection. Results reveal the need for a more coherent integration of legal theory and technological design, underscoring the role of hybrid solutions that blend human interpretation with automated execution. The discussion situates these findings in the broader trajectory of contract law modernization, concluding with recommendations for policymakers and practitioners regarding risk mitigation, technological design improvements, and harmonized regulatory standards.

Legal Protection of Personal Data in Big Data Analysis: Threats and General Rules

2025-03-24T10:16:34+03:00

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the pressing issues related to personal data protection in the context of Big Data. The distinctive features of four types of data within the Big Data framework provided, observed, derived, and inferred dataalong with their protection mechanisms and security requirements are examined in detail. The principles of data protection, particularly the principles of fairness and transparency, and the necessity of implementing them in national legislation are substantiated from both theoretical and practical perspectives. The concept of threats to the security of data within the Big Data framework is developed, along with recommendations for what it should entail. The discriminatory characteristics of automated decision-making and profiling processes, as well as their impact on individual rights, are deeply analyzed. The complexity of Big Data analysis, which can lead to opacity in processing for citizens and consumers whose data is used, is highlighted. The necessity of developing new legal mechanisms to protect the rights of data subjects and ensure data confidentiality and security is substantiated.