Uzbek Journal of Law and Digital Policy

Legal Frameworks for Combating Deepfake-Driven Fraud in Autonomous Systems

2026-02-22T13:54:42+03:00

Deepfake technology has emerged as a critical legal threat to autonomous systems worldwide, yet Uzbekistan's existing legal framework remains fundamentally unprepared to address it. This research examines the adequacy of Uzbekistan's Criminal Code, Cybersecurity Law of 2022, and Personal Data Law of 2019 in combating deepfake-driven fraud targeting autonomous systems. The central research question asks to what extent these laws provide sufficient legal protection and where they critically fail. Employing a qualitative methodology combining doctrinal legal analysis and document analysis, this research systematically evaluates Uzbekistan's legislative gaps through comparative examination of legal frameworks from the United States, the European Union, China, and South Korea. Official legal texts were retrieved from Lex.uz, while scholarly sources were drawn from peer-reviewed legal databases. Findings reveal significant deficiencies across five critical areas: criminal law, cybersecurity legislation, civil liability, digital evidence standards, and biometric data protection. This research proposes dedicated synthetic media legislation, targeted amendments to existing laws, certified forensic evidentiary standards, enhanced biometric data protections, and establishment of an independent AI regulatory body, offering Uzbekistan a concrete and achievable legal reform roadmap suited to its institutional capacity and legal tradition.

The Principle of Prohibition of Discrimination in the Field of Labor and Employment

2026-02-22T14:28:13+03:00

This research examines the principle of prohibition of discrimination in the field of labor and employment by comparing national legal frameworks with international standards. The study explores how different jurisdictions define, implement, and enforce anti-discrimination protections in employment contexts. Using a qualitative, doctrinal comparative law methodology, the research analyzes international conventions, regional instruments, and national legislation across selected jurisdictions. The findings reveal significant normative gaps between international obligations and domestic enforcement mechanisms, particularly in developing economies. The analysis identifies emerging best practices and recommends harmonization strategies to strengthen protection against employment discrimination globally. The study contributes to the growing literature on labor rights governance by bridging international standards with practical national implementation challenges.

The Right to Access as a Form of Implementation of the Control Right in the System of Digital Property Protection

2026-02-23T22:26:44+03:00

The digitalization of the economy has led to the emergence of new objects of property relations digital assets, the legal regulation of which presents significant difficulties for traditional civil law constructions. The present study is devoted to the analysis of the legal nature of the control right and the right to access as the basis of the legal regime of digital property in the context of the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The aim of the study is to substantiate the right to access as the primary form of implementation of the control right and to develop mechanisms for civil law protection of digital assets. The research methodology includes formal-legal, comparative-legal, systemic-structural methods and doctrinal interpretation. The research findings indicate that the control right represents a system-forming element of the legal regime of digital property, possessing a property law nature with elements of obligatory relations. The right to access functions as a derivative power from the control right, the content of which comprises identification, authentication, and authorization. Traditional methods of protecting property rights require adaptation to the specificity of digital assets, while the creation of special methods of protection, particularly the restoration of access, is necessary. Significant gaps have been identified in the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan concerning the definition of the legal status of digital assets, the control right, and methods of their protection. The practical significance of the study consists in the development of recommendations for the improvement of civil legislation, including the introduction of amendments to the Civil Code and the adoption of a special law on digital assets.

Priority of State Policy for Digitalization of Financial Services

2026-02-26T04:59:16+03:00

The digitalization of financial services has transformed traditional financial systems and posed significant challenges for civil law regulation. This study aims to analyze the priorities of state policy in regulating digital financial services, with particular attention to the legal recognition of digital financial assets as objects of civil law. Using a qualitative doctrinal research methodology, the study examines peer-reviewed journal literature on fintech, cryptocurrency regulation, and civil law theory. The research relies on scholarly analysis accessed through Google Scholar and contextual regulatory information from public domain sources. The findings reveal persistent legal uncertainty regarding the classification of digital financial assets, significant fragmentation in regulatory approaches, and a growing scholarly consensus on the need for adaptive legal frameworks. The study concludes that functional, technology-neutral regulation and explicit civil law recognition of digital financial assets are essential for ensuring legal certainty, financial stability, and sustainable digital innovation.