Justice and Ethical Considerations in the Digital Age

Abstract

The Research investigated justice and ethical relationships within digital Pakistan by evaluating local legislation against worldwide benchmarks, along with investigating protective flaws for human rights. Digital governance in Pakistan is studied under data privacy, algorithmic fairness, surveillance, and access perspectives. The research indicates that the cyber laws of Pakistan establish state authority above individual liberties through PECA’s ambiguous components that enable censorship and unwarranted detentions, and insufficient data management leaves citizens susceptible to exploitation. Despite court orders, Pakistan maintains ongoing internet shutdowns while public and private sectors use uncontrolled algorithms and lack corporate responsibility functions to limit digital rights. The article demonstrates that these system weaknesses establish a surveillance-heavy environment that chokes innovative progress and destroys trust within public society. Pakistan differs substantially from modern global digital practices, which unite technological progress with the protection of human rights during content moderation, while handling AI ethics and digital exchange regulations.